Here is a really good example of a scholary research critique written by a student in EDRS The student who submitted this paper last semester earned a on his critique. The content of the paper is right on track. A succint summary is provided in the first paragraph Aug 09, · APA Format for Article Critique. When it goes about APA format article critique it may seem that the whole essay should follow some rigid pattern. But actually, it is about overall formatting with little impact on content of the paper. Any article critique example APA opens up with a cover page that shows a paper title, student name, college or Example Of Research Critique In Apa Format - Research Article Critique Paper These are certainly things to look for, but more importantly, you're writing about HOW the research was done. If Researcu instrument was developed specifically for the study, Article the procedures involved in its development and validation described
Critique of a Research Article Free Essay Example
Chris K. Research Critique 1 Jamber, E. Investigating leadership, gender, and coaching level using the Revised Leadership for Sport Scale. Journal of Sport Behavior, 20, The purpose of the study was to determine possible differences in leadership behaviors, critique research paper example the Revised Leadership for Sport Scale RLSSbetween male and female coaches and among different coaching levels. The researchers submitted two hypotheses.
The first hypothesis was that male and female coaches would respond differently to the RLSS in overall leadership behaviors. The second hypothesis was that differences on the RLSS would occur among coaching levels: junior high, high school, and college, critique research paper example. The sample was nonrandom, including coaches that were chosen on a volunteer basis. Within the sample, 0.
With regard to coaching level, 25 0. While this is a good sample size, the problem lies with the distribution of the sample. The sample number for junior high coaches, in particular, is rather low.
A larger sample with regard to all categories would have aided in critique research paper example data analysis, particularly when looking for possible interactions between gender and coaching level. The instrument utilized was the Revised Leadership for Sport Scale RLSS developed by Zhang, Jensen, critique research paper example Mann in This scale is used to measure six leadership behaviors: training and instruction, democratic, autocratic, social support, positive feedback, and situational consideration.
This produced an ordinal level data set. Scales were administered in a number of environmental settings: classrooms, gymnasiums, practice fields, and offices. The internal consistency for each section was calculated: 0. There was no information, critique research paper example, regarding the validity of the RLSS.
A MANOVA was used to analyze the data for differences between male and female coaches with regard to leadership behaviors. This is not consistent with the type of data collected. The RLSS used a Likert scale ordinalyet a MANOVA would be most applicable for normally distributed, quantitative data, critique research paper example.
The analysis showed there were no significant differences between male and female coaches in overall leadership behaviors. When the six leadership styles were examined separately, there was a significant difference in social support between males and females.
In general, females scored much higher than did the male coaches. A MANOVA was also used to examine the data critique research paper example differences between the three levels of coaching junior high, high school, and college with regard to leadership behavior in general.
There were significant differences between the three levels. When breaking down the six behaviors and examining them individually, an ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Again, because the data for the RLSS is ordinal, an ANOVA is not the best analysis tool.
The three coaching levels scored differently on critique research paper example of the six behaviors: democratic behaviors, training and instruction, and social support. High school coaches scored much higher than college level coaches in democratic behavior. Junior high coaches were significantly lower in training and instruction than either high school or college coaches, critique research paper example. Junior high coaches also demonstrated a lesser degree of social support than either the high school or college coaches.
A MANOVA was again used to analyze the data for any interaction between gender and coaching level with regard to overall leadership behavior. Once again, critique research paper example, a better analysis method could have been chosen based on the nature of the data collected.
The results indicated no significant interactions. The ecological generaliziability for the study is fairly high. The surveys were mailed out, and returned on a volunteer basis. However, due critique research paper example the nonrandom nature of the sample, the results would not generalizable beyond the participants in the study. There was no effect size is listed for the study. In order to reduce threats to internal validity, the participants were asked to respond honestly and confidentiality was stressed so that the “coaches might feel more at ease in responding.
The researchers mention that the scales were given in a variety of settings. This could present a threat to the internal validity in that participants might not have been entirely focused on completing the scale, but instead on coordinating practice, completing paperwork, etc. There are a number of other factors that could effect the internal validity of the study, yet were not addressed by the researchers.
Coaching experience would greatly effect the responses of the participants, critique research paper example, yet this was not considered in the study. The gender of the athletes may be a contributing factor to the coaches’ responses. It is not unreasonable to suppose that coaches of female athletes, particularly at the junior high and high school levels, will demonstrate more social support than those of male athletes.
The nature of the sport could also be critical. Certain coaching styles are more applicable for individual sports wrestling, track, and tennis than for team sports football, soccer, and basketball.
The socioeconomics and population of the school itself could play a factor. Certain schools have better athletes and programs in a particular sport, while others may not be able to field a winning team. This could dramatically influence a coach’s response to the scale questions. The history of the program as well as the individual coach’s personal coaching history could greatly influence responses.
If the program has had several losing seasons in a row, perhaps the attitude of the coach could be different than that of a coach who has recently won a state title. An additional set of questions regarding the personal history of the coach in question could have helped reduce many of these threats, critique research paper example. With additional information, the researchers may have been able to use a modified matching system when analyzing the results.
By increasing the number of independent variables to include things such as coaching experience and gender of the athletes, the researchers could have reduced some of the potential threats to internal validity. In addition, bringing coaches together to a common setting could have reduced location threat. Coaches meet seasonally for clinics. Perhaps obtaining permission to administer the survey during these meetings would have been possible.
It would have also been possible to actually go to individual schools and meet with the coaches as a group to administer surveys. This method would have given a good cross-section of gender and coaching experience for a variety of sports.
While the study has merit, the methods need to be re-evaluated. The power of the study needs to be increased by obtaining a larger sample size. The numerous potential threats to internal validity need to be addressed and minimized where possible. It would also be helpful to be given data regarding the validity of the RLSS. Without these, it is impossible to evaluate the potential meaningfulness of this study.
How to Write the Academic Critique Assignment--Critique of Academic Journal Article
, time: 16:49Sample Research Critique Free Essays
Paper Critique SummaryThe article which was published in TESOL Journal in and written by Mojica, L. entitled, "An investigation on Self-Reported Writing Problems and Actual Writing Deficiencies of EFL Learners in the Beginners' Level", sought to investigate on the following: first, writing difficulties of participants; second, consistency between the personal assessments and the raters The following paper is a critique of the research article, “The Use of Personal Digital Assistants at the Point of Care in an Undergraduate Nursing Program” (Goldsworthy, Lawrence, and Goodman, ). The purpose of this critique is to evaluate the content within each section of the article. The critique is guided by Nieswiadomy’s research critique guidelines (). In theFile Size: KB Future research on online orientation programs with a clear description of the program among a larger more diverse sample is necessary to provide evidence of the impact of online orientation programs. Summarize the key points of the article and your analysis. This closing sentence provides direction for future blogger.com Size: KB
No comments:
Post a Comment